Manhattan Beach is a vibrant city in southwestern Los Angeles County, California. Situated along the Pacific Ocean, it neighbors El Segundo, Hawthorne, Redondo Beach, and Hermosa Beach. Its 2.1-mile beach stretch attracts visitors year-round with a moderate climate averaging highs of 69.1 °F (20.6 °C) and lows of 56.4 °F (13.6 °C). Historically, the area was inhabited by the Tongva tribe, with evidence of their presence found at the Chowigna excavation. European exploration began with the Portolá expedition in 1769. The area became part of Rancho San Pedro and later Rancho Sausal Redondo, key tracts of land in California's history. The town was named "Manhattan" after developer Stewart Merrill's hometown in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It incorporated as Manhattan Beach in 1912. Bruce's Beach became a cultural landmark, highlighting the city's complex racial history. Excess sand from the city was once shipped to Waikiki Beach in Hawaii to enhance its shores. In modern times, Manhattan Beach gained attention for events like the McMartin preschool trials, dramatized by HBO in Indictment: The McMartin Trial.